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Measuring Droplet Sizes Generated by 3D-Printed Stirrers in a Lean Gas–Liquid–Liquid System Using Borescopy

— Authors: Marco Schrimpf, Philipp A. Graefe, Alexandra E. Kaczyna, Andreas J. Vorholt*, and Walter Leitner —

Link: Measuring Droplet Sizes Generated by 3D-Printed Stirrers in a Lean Gas–Liquid–Liquid System Using Borescopy | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (acs.org)

Photo-optical probes with automated image analysis are among the most promising measurement techniques for gas–liquid–liquid systems, but the literature on the application in lean water-in-oil dispersions is scarce. Taking water-in-1-octene as a model system, adhering droplets that severely cloud the images are successfully prevented using a polymeric disc made of polycarbonate or fluorinated ethylene propylene. Sharp bright-field imaging is enabled using a neither fully diffuse nor specular reflection pane. Various 3D-printed stirrers are characterized by their energy input, including gas-inducing modifications. Gas induction impairs the energy input of the stirrer and the imaging of droplets. Nevertheless, the measurement technique reliably provides droplet size distributions that exclude gas bubbles. Axial stirrers are preferable if one position at high stirring speeds is measured, as the homogeneity of droplet sizes along the reactor height is promoted. Radial stirrers are preferable if the stirring speed is varied, as the same trend of the droplets sizes is measurable along the reactor height. For radial stirring, the most beneficial position of the probe is close or slightly above the stirrer. The use of borescopy is thus found to be feasible if adhering droplets can be prevented and vision on droplets is not obstructed by too many bubbles.